2,000 people from around the world converged on Busan, Korea, for the fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness (HLF4) (29 November – 1 December 2011). Previous forums resulted in the Accra Agenda for Action and the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness.

The outcomes document of the HLF4 meeting, the Busan Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation, reflects the shifting geo-political landscape amidst the inclusion of 'new donors' (notably Brazil, India and China), civil society, business, unions and other 'social actors' in the new international 'partnership on 'development co-operation' (formerly known as 'aid').

As with the increasing plethora of international pledges, the real outcome is not the words in a conference document, but the actions that arise from them.

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